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DOL Updates FAQs on FFCRA Leave as a New School Year Approaches
This week the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) updated its Frequently Asked Questions (See Questions #98-100) on leave eligibility under the Families First Coronavirus Response Act (FFCRA), in anticipation of a significant shift to remote school programs across the U.S. As a new school year approaches, employers should familiarize themselves with this new development as they begin to field new requests for FFCRA leave from their employees.
The DOL addressed how the FFCRA applies to several school program scenarios including fully remote programs, hybrid arrangements, and what happens if a parent chooses a remote option over in-person schooling.
The DOL clarified that if a school does not permit the child to attend school in-person and is instead only permitting remote learning, the school is effectively “closed” for purposes of the FFCRA, and the parent may take leave to care for the child. Likewise, if a school is operating on a hybrid basis with some days in-person and other days remote, the FFCRA leave would apply to those remote days where the child is not permitted in school. This would effectively allow an employee to be eligible for FFCRA leave on an intermittent basis.
If a school is offering in-person attendance (either fully in-person or on a hybrid basis), but a parent elects to keep the child home and engage in remote learning, the parent would not qualify for FFCRA leave. The DOL reasons that because the school is open for in-person learning, it would not be covered under the regulations. If, however, the child is home on a remote basis because of another COVID-19-related reason, such as a quarantine order from a health professional, then the parent may be eligible for FFCRA leave.
It is important to note that when evaluating such leave requests, the employee must still supply certain information, including the child’s name (who is under the age of 14), the name of the school that is closed, and that there is no other suitable person available to care for the child. It is unlikely, then, that both parents of a child engaged in remote learning would qualify for FFCRA leave. And, of course, employers should continue to keep such written documentation in order to take advantage of the available tax credit.
See our complete COVID-19 Resource Collection for additional information, or contact a member of the Morse Employment Team.
President Issues New Executive Order on Enhanced Unemployment Benefits
On August 8, 2020, President Trump issued four executive orders in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. One of the President’s executive orders (the “EO”) directs the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) to begin paying additional unemployment benefits from the Department of Homeland Security’s Disaster Relief Fund (DRF) at a rate of $400 per week on top of regular unemployment benefits. The enhanced unemployment benefits will be retroactive to August 1, 2020 and will continue until December 6, 2020 – or until the balance of the DRF drops to $25 billion – whichever happens first. According to the EO, there is currently about $70 billion in the DRF.
The DRF will cover $300 of the $400 weekly enhanced benefit – with states picking up the additional $100 per week from funds allocated to them from the Coronavirus Relief Fund (CRF) (created from the CARES Act).
Like the original benefits provided under the CARES Act, unemployed workers will be eligible for the new $400 per week if they otherwise qualify for regular unemployment compensation, Pandemic Emergency Unemployment Compensation (PEUC) under the CARES Act, Pandemic Unemployment Assistance (PUA) under the CARES Act, Extended Benefits, Short-Time Compensation, or several other discrete programs. However, unlike the previous Federal Pandemic Unemployment Compensation (FPUC) benefits, the EO disqualifies workers receiving less than $100 per week in unemployment benefits. Under the FPUC, workers who received at least $1 in unemployment benefits qualified for the additional $600 per week.
It is unclear when workers may see these enhanced unemployment benefits. While the EO makes clear that workers will be eligible for the enhanced benefits beginning the week ending August 1, 2020 (the FPUC benefits ended July 31, 2020), states will need time to get the new system set up and to receive funding. Once up and running, eligible workers will collect retroactive benefits, but that could be a matter of weeks, or months, in some cases. Like regular unemployment benefits, workers will apply through their individual state’s unemployment office and be subject to that state’s unemployment program requirements, such as any work search criteria.
There is also speculation that the President’s EO may be challenged on constitutional grounds. The EO invokes the President’s powers under the Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act; however, constitutional scholars debate whether the invoked section can be used to fund unemployment benefits in this manner without the specific authorization of Congress. For now, however, eligible workers should continue to apply for their regular unemployment benefits through their state and comply with any state-specific eligibility requirements to remain qualified for the enhanced benefits.
See our complete COVID-19 Resource Collection.
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